Introduction
The demand for a comprehensive solution to full-stack development is steadily increasing. Full stack development is the process of building a web application from scratch. It includes parts of both the front and back ends. A developer must be familiar with front and back-end development programming languages and other technologies like frameworks and databases. A full-stack developer would require a medium to find all their resources in one place. MERN stack is one such solution. It has four technologies to help implement a web application's front and back-end processing.
What Is MERN Stack?
MERN stack consists of four technologies, all of which are JS based. There are plenty of combination technologies that help in full-stack development. Then why is the MERN stack in demand? It is highly preferred by developers worldwide because of its programming language, namely, JavaScript. There are multiple programming languages for building the source code of a web application. However, learning all of them may not be possible.
It is why the frameworks used for web development are based on a particular language. The front-end and back-end programming languages can vary depending on the technologies used. It would pose little to no problem when the project has separate front and back-end developers. However, it would be more convenient for a full-stack developer to follow through with one language.
MERN is a dynamic package built to provide efficiency and speed to web applications. The four components of the MERN Stack are as follows:
MongoDB
MongoDB is a database program which is based on NoSQL. MySQL and Oracle are some of the most popular databases used for back-end development. It is an open-source program which guarantees accessibility. Additionally, since it is based on a NoSQL database, it borrows some of its key features.
A benefit of using MongoDB is that it is compatible with a large set of data and can be used for easy data storage and retrieval. For instance, when a user stores personal information or demands it, the database would have to be readily available to store or fetch said information. It handles queries, indexing and JavaScript execution with incredible efficiency. One reason it helps in a MERN stack is that it can help with easy manipulation of even unstructured data.
Express.js
All programming languages have supporting frameworks for web application development. Node.js is one of the most popularly used frameworks which utilises Javascript. Express.js is built on Node.js and also has many of its benefits. For example, it helps with easy navigation of data from the server to the user and vice versa. Express.js is the framework for choosing in both MERN and MEAN stacks.
It is primarily used to build a dynamic web application that responds quickly to user requests. From rectifying errors to making the code simpler, Express.js makes the work of a full-stack developer easier. While building a website from the ground up, handling the back end becomes easy with Express.js. Additionally, its popularity in web development stems from its seamless compatibility with MongoDB. Since both of them are supported by Javascript, they work well on the back-end development aspect.
React
The critical difference between the MERN and MEAN stacks is the use of React. MERN stack employs React for building complete and robust web applications. Since MERN already has a framework and a database, the next addition is that of a Javascript library. The React library acts as a resource from which web developers can build new projects of their own. React is somewhat limited in its application if you are not familiar with the many third-party React libraries used by developers.
However, the React community is tight-knit and welcoming to new and old developers who want to take part in web application development. While other libraries have a stricter structure, React allows developers to exercise their creativity while using React as a reference rather than a framework. In addition to being a reference, it can double as a framework if you want to develop full-scale applications. Another key advantage of using the React library is that it is reusable and can be used for complex codes.
Node.js
Node.js is a runtime environment. It is primarily a part of back-end development and helps transfer the request of the end user to the server. For example, the user will deal with the front end whenever a website is accessed remotely. In contrast, a website would have to keep up with user requests through back-end calculations and programming. Node.js aids in all the back-end programming and processing as per the user's request. It is used for its efficiency, which is possible due to the Chrome V8 engine.
When it comes to full-stack development, time is of the essence, and the scalability of Node.js helps save time. In addition to the scalability, it is asynchronous and has many packages for diverse projects. At the end of the day, Node.js is a JavaScript framework, but it is an excellent addition to the MERN stack because of its performance. Complex website application is possible through this framework. Node.js also helps in the easy streaming of videos and the reduction of lag time while playing audio.
Why Is MERN Stack In High Demand?
MERN stack is in high demand because of its efficiency. Whenever the demand for a particular technology increases, there are valid reasons and excellent community support behind it. For example, MERN stack is one of the top choices for full-stack developers because of the following reasons:
Open Source
MERN stack features technologies, all of which are open source. One key feature of open-source programs is that it is widely used across the tech community. Developers across the globe are developing the programs as they use them for individual projects. The chances of improvement of project output thus increase along with the efficiency of future web application development. You can always come back to the initial stages and change something without having to start over, as there is no vendor lock-in.
It Is Quick And Efficient
Full-stack developers bank on efficiency. The reason why full-stack developers are in high demand is because of their significant expertise in comparison to front-end or back-end developers. They not only have to stay updated on both aspects of development but also have to maintain steady development on the project. The efficiency of using a MERN stack derives from its open-source programs.
A developer builds on a foundation already present on the stack. While having a knowledge of the frameworks is essential for dynamic web application development, just knowing the set-up instructions and customisation options can do wonders for beginners. While knowing JavaScript is mandatory to make exclusive use of the MERN stack, it is also essential to know how to make innovative use of already present resources.
Wide Community Support
Open source programs rely on broad community support to sustain themselves. If you separate the components of the MERN stack, you will understand the community of MongoDB or Node.js may vary but have the same goal of creating efficient web applications. In addition to having a community which is constantly bringing improved solutions for future problems, you will also find answers to existing questions.
As a beginner, getting stuck at one point or another is understandable. With a wide community base, there is a good chance that the point at which you are stuck is something other developers have encountered too. Front-end and back-end developers can be of great help in open-source program communities.
Easy And Available
When something is readily available, it may also have existing resources. There are numerous templates that can be reused or recycled during web application development. You can add the code to your project and move on to the next part without having to create everything from scratch. The availability feature is beneficial for beginners who need maximum help to aid with efficiency. The tools of the MERN stack are easy to learn and adapt to simply because it is widely used and simplified over time. Since full stack developers need a complete solution, MERN stack helps with all the tools in one place and effortless compatibility.
How Can You Make The Most Of MERN Stack?
As a developer, you can make the most of the MERN stack, irrespective of whether you are a beginner or a veteran in the web development field. Since JavaScript is a must, you can begin with your fluency in the programming language before jumping into the framework. The switch from the MERN stack to the MEAN stack (and vice versa) is an easy and expected one. You can also diversify by stemming out into better development programs once you are comfortable with MERN.
For employers, taking advantage of the MERN stack means hiring the right developers for your organisation. Here is how you can create the right opportunity for your company based on MERN stack skills:
Building From Scratch
As an employer, hiring someone who can build from scratch is imperative if the assistance tools do not work. While for developers, the MERN stack and related tools make the job more accessible; it is also essential to know how to create your foundation from scratch.
In Accordance With The Project
The needs of each project are different. They depend on client requests and the complexity of the web application. While hiring developers, especially for a specific project, it is vital to set goals and choose the right developer based on expertise that would directly apply to the current project.
Has Experience
Experience in web development can help develop problem-solving and analytical skills. It would also aid in making quick and efficient choices that would save time and resources in the long run. For instance, a developer should know how to navigate through front-end frameworks like Node.js and also how to rectify existing mistakes through functional programming.
The Takeaway
MERN stack is creating opportunities in the tech world for both web developers and employers. It increases the efficiency of the project and also gives a sound output. It is based on JavaScript, which helps even a beginner to step into web development without having to know multiple languages at once. From a framework to a database, the MERN stack covers all the bases from the front to the back end and initiates any new programmer into web development. Full stack developers are known for their expertise in web development, which is why MERN stack is a solution for any developer who wants to create a robust web application.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What Is The Difference Between A MERN Stack And A Full Stack?
MERN stack and full stack have their main difference based on their applicability. A full stack is used to develop applications that work across platforms. MERN stack is primarily used for smaller projects and single-page applications. It is best applied to mobile applications.
Is Learning MERN Stack Difficult?
Learning the MERN stack is easy if you have a good HTML and CSS foundation. Then, as a beginner, you can use online resources and boot camps to gain experience in the field. However, since all the technologies in the MERN stack use JavaScript, you need to be fluent in the programming language.
Is Placement For A Beginner Possible With MERN Stack?
As a beginner, it is possible to get placed if you have knowledge about the MERN stack. Employers are looking for expertise in a particular field which allows for efficiency and productivity. Learning the MERN stack at the start of your career can open many doors for you.
What Is The Difference Between A MERN Stack And A MEAN Stack?
The main difference between MERN and MEAN stacks is their front-end frameworks. For example, MERN stack uses React library and related tools for creating UI for small-scale applications. On the other hand, MEAN stack uses Angular, which creates complex yet dynamic applications.
